SCIENZE DEL FARMACO E DELLA SALUTEApplied Pharmaceutical SciencesAcademic Year 2022/2023

1007778 - BOTANICA FARMACEUTICA

Teacher: ROSARIA ACQUAVIVA

Expected Learning Outcomes

Knowledge and understanding: the course provides the tools for the recognition of the main plants of pharmaceutical and herbal interest

Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: the student acquires the skills necessary to understand the use and use of medicinal plants in the pharmaceutical and herbalist industry

Learning skills: the student becomes able to recognize and identify plants of specific pharmaceutical and herbal interest

Making judgments: the student develops his critical ability in knowing how to recognize a medicinal plant.

Ability to solve a problem: the student is encouraged to recognize the botanical and pharmaceutical characteristics of medicinal plants

Course Structure

The course will be structured in frontal teaching with power point projection and/or short films. During the course there will be exercises and problem based learning. Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.

Information for students with disabilities and / or SLD: To guarantee equal opportunities and in compliance with the laws in force, interested students can ask for a personal interview in order to plan any compensatory and / or dispensatory measures, based on the teaching objectives and specifications needs. It is also possible to contact the CInAP contact person (Center for Active and Participatory Integration - Services for Disabilities and / or SLD) of the Department, prof.ssa Teresa Musumeci.

Required Prerequisites

Vegetable Biology

Attendance of Lessons

Attendance is compulsory according to the regulations of the teaching regulations of the CdS in SFA as reported in the link: http://www.dsf.unict.it/corsi/l-29_sfa/regolamento-didattico

Detailed Course Content

Introduction to the study of the Pharmaceutical Botany. Classification. species concept. taxonomic system and evolution of systems. Supply of Medicinal Plants.
Vegetable drugs: classification and factors that influence the content of active ingredients.
Vegetative reproduction. Sexual reproduction. The spores. The biological cycles. The apomixis.
Mushrooms. Morphology. The mycelium. Heterotrophy. Propagation. sexual reproduction. Systematics of mushrooms. Morphology, pharmaceutical and application interest of: Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota. Intoxication with mushrooms
Algae. General characters. Morphology, pharmaceutical and application interest of: Rhodophyta: Gelidiaceae: Gelidium Sp.; Gigartinaceae: Chondrus crispus; Phaeophyta: Laminariaceae: Laminaria sp., Fucus
Overview of lichens and mosses. Morphology. utilization
Overview of pteridophytes. Morphology, pharmaceutical and application interest of: Lycopodiales, equisetales, Filicales.
Spermatophytes. Gymnosperms. Morphology, ontogenetic cycle and practical interest of: Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta, Ephedrales
Angiosperms. The flower and its entirety. The inflorescences. Sexual reproduction. The seed. The fruit. Leaves.
Classification of angiosperms.
Primary and secondary metabolites

LILIOPSIDA (MONOCOTILEDONES)

ALLIACEAE: Allium sativum;
AGAVACEAE: Agave americana
ASPARAGACEAE: Convallaria majalis; Asparagus officinalis
LILIACEAE: Drimia maritima (Urginea maritima), Colchicum autumnale
ZINGIBERACEAE: Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinalis

MAGNOLIOPSIDA (DICOTILEDONES)

LAURACEAE: Cinnamomum sp., Laurus nobilis
PAPAVERACEAE: Papaver somniferum, Chelidonium majus
LAMIACEAE: Mentha sp., Lavandula officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Salvia officinalis, Origanum sp., Melissa officinalis, Rosmarinus officinalis
CANNABACEAE: Cannabis sativa. Humulus lupulus
POLYGONACEAE: Reum sp.
STERCULIACEAE: Cola acuminata, C. vera, Teobroma cacao
FABACEAE: Glycyrrhiza glabra
APIACEAE: Foeniculum vulgare, Pimpinella anisum
EUPHORBIACEAE: Ricinus communis
RHAMNACEAE: Rhamnus frangula, R. purshiana
ERYTHROXYLACEAE: Erythroxylon coca
APOCYNACEAE: Strophanthus sp., Rauwolfia serpentina
SOLANACEAE: Atropa belladonna, Datura stramonium, Nicotina tabacum
SCROPHULARIACEAE: Digitalis sp.
PASSIFLORACEAE: Passiflora incarnata
VALERIANACEAE: Valeriana officinalis
RUBIACEAE: Cinchona sp.,
ASTERACEAE: Matricaria chamomilla, Anthemis nobilis, Calendula officinalis, Cynara scolymus, Silybum marianum, Taraxacum officinale.

Part 1: 1 CFU - 7h

Introduction to the study of the Pharmaceutical Botany. Classification. species concept. taxonomic system and evolution of systems. Supply of Medicinal Plants.
Vegetable drugs: classification and factors that influence the content of active ingredients.
Vegetative reproduction. Sexual reproduction. The spores. The biological cycles. The apomixis.
Mushrooms. Morphology. The mycelium. Heterotrophy. Propagation. sexual reproduction. Systematics of mushrooms. Morphology, pharmaceutical and application interest of: Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota. Intoxication with mushrooms

Part 2: 2 CFU - 7h

Algae. General characters. Morphology, pharmaceutical and application interest of: Rhodophyta: Gelidiaceae: Gelidium Sp.; Gigartinaceae: Chondrus crispus; Phaeophyta: Laminariaceae: Laminaria sp., Fucus
Overview of lichens and mosses. Morphology. utilization
Overview of pteridophytes. Morphology, pharmaceutical and application interest of: Lycopodiales, equisetales, Filicales.

Part 3: 1 CFU - 7 h

Spermatophytes. Gymnosperms. Morphology, ontogenetic cycle and practical interest of: Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta, Ephedrales
Angiosperms. The flower and its entirety. The inflorescences. Sexual reproduction. The seed. The fruit. Leaves.

Part 4: 3 CFU - 21h

Classification of angiosperms.
Primary and secondary metabolites

LILIOPSIDA (MONOCOTILEDONES)

ALLIACEAE: Allium sativum;
AGAVACEAE: Agave americana
ASPARAGACEAE: Convallaria majalis; Asparagus officinalis
LILIACEAE: Drimia maritima (Urginea maritima), Colchicum autumnale
ZINGIBERACEAE: Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinalis

MAGNOLIOPSIDA (DICOTILEDONES)

LAURACEAE: Cinnamomum sp., Laurus nobilis
PAPAVERACEAE: Papaver somniferum, Chelidonium majus
LAMIACEAE: Mentha sp., Lavandula officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Salvia officinalis, Origanum sp., Melissa officinalis, Rosmarinus officinalis
CANNABACEAE: Cannabis sativa. Humulus lupulus
POLYGONACEAE: Reum sp.
STERCULIACEAE: Cola acuminata, C. vera, Teobroma cacao
FABACEAE: Glycyrrhiza glabra
APIACEAE: Foeniculum vulgare, Pimpinella anisum
EUPHORBIACEAE: Ricinus communis
RHAMNACEAE: Rhamnus frangula, R. purshiana
ERYTHROXYLACEAE: Erythroxylon coca
APOCYNACEAE: Strophanthus sp., Rauwolfia serpentina
SOLANACEAE: Atropa belladonna, Datura stramonium, Nicotina tabacum
SCROPHULARIACEAE: Digitalis sp.
PASSIFLORACEAE: Passiflora incarnata
VALERIANACEAE: Valeriana officinalis
RUBIACEAE: Cinchona sp.,
ASTERACEAE: Matricaria chamomilla, Anthemis nobilis, Calendula officinalis, Cynara scolymus, Silybum marianum, Taraxacum officinale.

Textbook Information

1. Maugini E., Maleci Bini L., Mariotti Lippi M. - Manuale di Botanica Farmaceutica IX Ed. – PICCIN 2014

2. Leporatti M., Foddai S., Tommasini L. - Testo atlante di anatomia vegetale e delle piante officinali – PICCIN 1997

3. Poli F. - Biologia Farmaceutica - II Ed. - Pearson 2019

Course Planning

	Subjects	Text References
1	Concetto di specie. Sistema tassonomico ed evoluzione dei sistemi. Approvvigionamento delle Piante Medicinali. Droga vegetale: classificazione e fattori che influenzano il contenuto di principi attivi	Testi: 1: Capitolo 9-10; Testo 3: Capitolo 1-6-7-10
2	La riproduzione. La moltiplicazione. La riproduzione sessuale. I gameti e la gamia. Le spore. I cicli biologici. L’apomissia.	Testo 1: Capitolo 8;
3	Funghi. Morfologia. Il micelio. Eterotrofia. Propagazione. Riproduzione sessuale. Sistematica dei Funghi. Morfologia, ciclo ontogenetico ed interesse applicativo di: Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota. Intossicazioni da funghi	Testi: 1: Capitolo 11;
4	Alghe. Caratteri generali. Morfologia, ciclo ontogenetico ed interesse applicativo di: Rhodophyta: Gelidiaceae: Gelidium Sp.; Gigartinaceae: Chondrus crispus; Phaeophyta: Laminariaceae: Laminaria sp., Fucus. Licheni. La simbiosi lichenica.	Testi: 1: Capitolo 12-13;
5	Morfologia. Utilizzazione Muschi. Le cormofite. Briofite. Hepatophyta. Bryophyta. Pteridofite. Morfologia, ciclo ontogenetico ed interesse applicativo di: Lycopodiales, Equisetales, Filicales.	Testi: 1: Capitolo 14-15;
6	Spermatofite. Gimnosperme. Morfologia, ciclo ontogenetico ed interesse applicativo di: Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta, Ephedrales	Testi: 1: Capitolo 16;
7	Angiosperme. Il fiore e i suoi elementi. Le infiorescenze. La riproduzione sessuale. Il seme. Il frutto. Le foglie.Classificazione delle Angiosperme. Metaboliti primari e secondari	Testi: 1: Capitolo 2, 17;
8	Applicazioni fito-farmaceutiche delle seguentii piante officinali:	Capitolo 17; Testo 2
9	LILIOPSIDA (MONOCOTILEDONES) ALLIACEAE: Allium sativum; AGAVACEAE: Agave americana ASPARAGACEAE: Convallaria majalis; Asparagus officinalis LILIACEAE: Drimia maritima (Urginea maritima), Colchicum autumnale	Testi: 1: Capitolo 17; Testo 2
10	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (DICOTILEDONES) LAURACEAE: Cinnamomum sp., Laurus nobilis PAPAVERACEAE: Papaver somniferum, Chelidonium majus CANNABACEAE: Cannabis sativa. Humulus lupulus POLYGONACEAE: Reum sp. STERCULIACEAE: Cola acuminata, C. vera, Teobroma cacao	Testi: 1: Capitolo 17; Testo 2
11	FABACEAE: Glycyrrhiza glabra EUPHORBIACEAE: Ricinus communis RHAMNACEAE: Rhamnus frangula, R. purshiana ERYTHROXYLACEAE: Erythroxylon coca APOCYNACEAE: Strophanthus sp.,Rauwolfia serpentina SOLANACEAE: Atropa belladonna, Datura stramonium, N. tabacum	Testi: 1: Capitolo 17; Testo 2
12	SCROPHULARIACEAE: Digitalis sp. VALERIANACEAE: Valeriana officinalis RUBIACEAE: Cinchona sp., ASTERACEAE: Matricaria chamomilla, Anthemis nobilis.	Testi: 1: Capitolo 17; Testo 2

Learning Assessment

Learning Assessment Procedures

The exam dates are published on the site of the Department of Drug Sciences http://www.dsf.unict.it/sites/default/files/files/ESAMI%20CDL%20SFA(13).pdf Learning assessment may also be carried out on line, should the conditions require it. Information for students with disabilities and / or SLD: To guarantee equal opportunities and in compliance with the laws in force, interested students can ask for a personal interview in order to plan any compensatory and / or dispensatory measures, based on the teaching objectives and specifications needs. It is also possible to contact the CInAP contact person (Center for Active and Participatory Integration - Services for Disabilities and / or SLD) of the Department, prof.ssa Teresa Musumeci. Example Questions 1. Descrivere la morfologia e la classisicazione di un lichene 2. Descrivere morfologia di un'alga rhodophyta ed il ciclo biologico delle Florideophycidae 3. Descrivere la morfologia e le caratteristiche riproduttive delle briofite 4. Descrivere le caratteristiche botaniche e farmaceutiche di Digitalis purpurea 5. Descrivere le caratteristiche botaniche e farmaceutiche di Allium sativum

Versione in italiano