Aim of this course is to provide the knowledge of the basic principles of pharmacokynetics and pharmacodynamics. The course is also designed to provide a specific knowledge of the pharmacological and toxicological properties of herbal medicines and nutraceuticals including both indications and contraindications.
Frontal lessons. Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus. Learning assessment may also be carried out on line, should the conditions require it.
Introduction: definition of medicinal plant and current regulatory affairs
Pharmacokinetics:
biological membranes. Barriers.
Drug absorption. Factors that influence the absorption.
Routes of administration.
Plasma protein binding.
Distribution of drugs.
Pharmacokinetic parameters (clearance, half-life, repeated dose toxicity, first pass effect, bioavailability and bioequivalence).
Drug metabolism.
Drug Elimination kinetics;
Variability in drug response.
PHARMACODYNAMICS: Mechanisms and site of action of drugs.
Receptors.
receptor function and variability of drug response.
Agonism, antagonism competitive and non-competitive, affinity, intrinsic activity, effectiveness. dose-response curves, effective dose, lethal dose, therapeutic index, safety.
pharmacological and therapeutic effects.
side effects, adverse reactions, overdose, intolerance to drugs, fetal toxicity; teratogenicity and carcinogenicity.
drug safety and phytovigilance.
Pharmacology and Toxicology of Herbs
Drugs that interfere with the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
sympathomimetic active drugs.
simpaticoplegici-sympatholytic drugs.
parasympathomimetics-cholinergic drugs.
parasympatholytic-anticholinergics drugs.
Drugs interfering with the motor system (Somatic): Neuromuscular blockers (curare, botulinum toxin, bungarotoxin), antiparkinsonian: anticholinergics, ergot alkaloids and dopamine agonists for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
Antigout (colchicine).
anti-inflammatory drugs and autacoids. (Analgesics and
Vitamins.
Poisons
A.J Trevor-B.G Katsung -S, Farmacologia, Piccin, Nona edizione 2012, pp 1-51.
Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali, 2006, Springer
Subjects | Text References | |
---|---|---|
1 | Introduzione al corso: definizione di pianta officinale, pianta medicinale e cenni agli attuali riferimenti normativi | A.J Trevor-B.G Katsung -S, Farmacologia, Piccin, Nona edizione 2012; Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali |
2 | Farmacocinetica: concetti generali relativi alle proprietà chimico-fisiche dei farmaci, assorbimento, distribuzione, metabolismo, eliminazione, parametri farmacocinetici | A.J Trevor-B.G Katsung -S, Farmacologia, Piccin, Nona edizione 2012; Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali |
3 | Farmacodinamica: azione farmacologica, meccanismi d'azione dei farmaci | A.J Trevor-B.G Katsung -S, Farmacologia, Piccin, Nona edizione 2012; Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali |
4 | Farmaci che interferiscono con il Sistema Nervoso Autonomo (SNA) Principi attivi simpaticomimetici. Principi attivi simpaticoplegici-simpaticolitici. Principi attivi parasimpaticomimetici-colinergici. Principi attivi parasimpaticolitici-anticolinergici. | Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali, 2006, Springer |
5 | Farmaci che interferiscono con il sistema motorio (Somatico): Bloccanti neuromuscolari (curaro, a bungarotossina, tossina botulinica, bungarotossina), antiparkinsoniani: anticolinergici, alcaloidi dell’ergot e agonisti dopaminergici nel trattamento della | Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali, 2006, Springer |
6 | Antigottosi (colchicina). | Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali, 2006, Springer |
7 | Farmaci antinfiammatori e autacoidi. (antalgici ed antipiretici) | Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali, 2006, Springer |
8 | Vitamine | Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali, 2006, Springer; A.J Trevor-B.G Katsung -S, Farmacologia, Piccin, Nona edizione 2012 |
9 | Veleni | Capasso--Grandolini-Mascolo, Fitoterapia, Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali, 2006, Springer; A.J Trevor-B.G Katsung -S, Farmacologia, Piccin, Nona edizione 2012 |