SYSTEMS ECO-FRIENDLY DESIGN FOR INNOVATIVE PROCESSES

The course supports the students to learn how to calculate and design oil and gas implants' components

Presentation

The aim of the course is to provide chemical engineers, although thet are not specialists of structural calculation, the elements to understand the problems of this sector and interact with the designers of the equipment. The course analizes the mainmechanisms of material failure - static overload, viscous sliding, crack propagation, fatigue; it presents the method to calculate the fundamental mechanical components, the connections (welded and bolted) and the pressure vessels.

Expected learning outcomes

The course aims to:

1) provide the knowledge to understand the mode of failure, under constant or cyclical load, of structural components and connections present in plants;

2) illustrate the main methods of structural analysis used in the design of vessels subject to pressure and their implementation in the legislation of the sector.

Prerequisites/Previous knowledge

The students will be required prior knowledge of:

1) the fundamental principles of statics (equilibrium, free body diagram),

2) kinematics (motion of rigid bodies),

3) fondamental states of stress (traction, bending, torsion).

Program

- Recall and integration of state of stress and strain knowledge (6 hours).

- Subsidence under constant load. Ideal stress for brittle and ductile materials,

viscous sliding at high temperature, unstable crack propagation, safety coefficients (6 hours).

- Subsidence under cyclic load (fatigue). Nucleation and crack propagation,

diagrams for the presentation of the characteristics (Woehler, etc),

factors affecting resistance (10 hours).

- Threaded joints. Characteristics, materials, tightening stress, distribution of effort

among coils. Behavior under load, static strength and fatigue. Gasket tightening. (6 hours).

- Welded Joints. Types of joints, welding procedures and defects. Stress state in the head

joints and corner weldings, resistance calculations for static and fatigue strength (6 hours).

- Vessels and pipelines: constitutive elements. Membraneous behavior of axialsymmetric shells.

Hints about the instability of cylinders subject to external pressure and on flat bottoms.

Edge effects (cylindrical shell): compatibility of deformations, additional tensions.

Cylinders of high thickness: general theory, states of stress due to pressure and temperature,

constructive solutions for high pressure (force, autofrettage) (22 hours).

- Vessels: Italian regulatory framework, European Directive 97/23 PED on pressure equipment,

harmonized standard EN 13444 (6 hours).

Course organization

For each group of lessons' subjects, training will be done with exercises of technical calculation and/or structural tests and/or structural design of a pressure device. (30 hours).

Texts required or recommended: readings, lecture notes, other teaching material

- "Resistance of materials and of connections", L. Goglio, Levrotto & Bella, Torino, 2nd ed. (2014).

- Handouts regarding vessels.

Criteria, rules and procedures for the final test

The examination consists in an oral test.

The oral test will be an interview on the theoretical aspects of the topics, in order to check the understanding of the methods of calculation and the physical phenomena involved.

Appunti di Lezione del Prof.Goglio, Politecnico di Torino, sito web

Costruzioni di Macchine I, R. Giovannozzi, Patron,

Costruzioni di Macchine II, R. Giovannozzi, Patron,