PHYSICS - channel 1

The course aims at giving basic concepts and important tools to interpret and to study Physics phenomena.

Particular importance is given to the role of Physics in applications in the biomedical field.

At the end of the course, the student will be able to apply the fundamental elements of the experimental method, the basic Physics laws and will know different applications in fields related to the degree course program.

Great attention is devoted to the formal correctness in the presentation of the subjects, using the mathematical knowledge acquired by the student in previous courses.

The learning objectives of the course will therefore be the knowledge and understanding of the fundamentals of Physics and applicative skills related to methodological and instrumental procedures also useful in biology field research.

The course plan includes 7 CFU of frontal lectures (49 hours) and 1 CFU (12 hours) of exercises solving. Some activities in the Laboratory of Physics may be offered.

Knowledge of basic algebra with some elements of geometry and trigonometry are pre-requisites

The attendance to the lectures is suggested and it is a fundamental tool for improving the understanding of the subjects and the problem solving technique.

The final exam consists in a written test and an oral discussion. The written test will consist in solving 4 or 5 exercises and it will give access to the oral exam.
For students attending the lectures there will be two partial exams, at the middle of the course and at the end of the course; positive evaluation of the partial test can give access to the final oral exam.

Should the circumstances require online or blended teaching, appropriate modifications to what is hereby stated may be introduced, in order to achieve the main objectives of the course.

INTRODUCTION - Physical variables, units of measurement, significant figures, measurement error, scalar and vector quantities, operations with vectors, components of a vector and vector units

THE DESCRIPTION OF THE MOTION: Vectors displacement, speed and acceleration, motion with constant speed, motion with constant acceleration, kinematics in two dimensions

DYNAMICS, LAWS OF MOTION - Force, First, Second and Third Newton's law, gravitational force, motion of a projectile, friction, dynamics of circular motion; motion in the presence of velocity-dependent forces

WORK AND ENERGY - Work done by a costant force - Kinetic energy theorem - Conservative forces - Potential Energy- Mechanical energy and its conversation - Conservation of momentum

ROTATIONAL MOTION - Rotational kinematics - Torque - Conservation of angular momentum - Gravitational and electrostatic field - Gauss' theorem and its applications

MECHANICS OF FLUIDS - Properties of fluids - Statics of fluids: Pascal, Stevino and Archimede laws - Ideal fluids and Bernoulli's theorem - Laminar motion of a viscous fluid: Poiseuille's law - Blood circulation and work of the heart - Turbulent flow - Sedimentation - Surface phenomena : Laplace's law and capillarity phenomena

THERMODYNAMICS - Thermometry and calorimetry - Specific heat of substances - Elements of kinetic theory of gases - State of a thermodynamic system - Joule's experience - Equivalence between heat and work - Internal energy and first law of thermodynamics - Generalities of thermodynamic transformations - Reversible and irreversible processes - Thermal machines - Second law of thermodynamics - Entropy

ELECTRICAL CHARGE, FIELD AND ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL - Electric charge - Conductors and insulators - Coulomb's law - Electrostatic field - Lines of force, potential and electrostatic potential energy - Capacitors - Dielectric - Energy density of the electric field

ELECTRIC CURRENT - Electric current - Resistance and Ohm's law - Electric currents in conductors and electrolytes - Model for electrical conduction - Energy and electrical power – Electrical Conduction in the nervous system

MAGNETIC FIELDS - Magnetic field - Motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field - Magnetic Field Due to a Straight Wire - Magnetic Field Due to a Straight Wire - Biot-Savart's law, - Ampere's law – Induced EMF - Faraday's law and induction - Lenz's law - Maxwell's equations - Electromagnetic waves

WAVE MOTION - Wave motion - Wave equation - Longitudinal and transverse waves - Plane waves and spherical waves - Monochromatic waves - Doppler effect - Sound and its characteristics - Physics of the ear - Ultrasound

LIGHT AND LENSES - Reflection and refraction - Snell's law - Huygens principle - Approximation of geometric optics - Spherical diopter - Thin lenses - Geometric construction of images - Microscope - Physical optics - Coherent sources - Interference - Diffraction -Diffraction grating - Resolving power of an optical instrument - Polarization

1. J.W. Jewett, R.A. Serway: Principi di Fisica, vol I, ultima edizione, EdiSES, Napoli
2. Douglas C. Giancoli: Fisica, Principi e Applicazioni, ultima edizione, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana
3. A. Lascialfari, F. Borsa: Principi di Fisica, per indirizzo biomedico e farmaceutico, ultima edizione, EdiSES, Napoli

Per ulteriori esercizi di fisica svolti si consiglia la consultazione di :
J.R. Gordon, R.V. Mcgrew, R.A. Serway, J.W. Jewett: Guida allo studio e alla soluzione dei problemi da Principi di Fisica, III Edizione, EdiSES, Napoli