PATOLOGIA SISTEMATICA E CLINICA - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE ED ONCOLOGIA - channel 3

5 CFU - 1° Semester

Teaching Staff

EMMA CACCIOLA - Module Blood Diseases - MED/15 - 3 CFU
ALESSANDRA ROMANO - Module Blood Diseases
PAOLO VIGNERI - Module Clinical and Systemic Pathology - Blood Disorders and Medical Oncology - MED/06 - 2 CFU

Learning Objectives

Blood Diseases
The aim of the course is to allow the student to recognize the different hematological diseases, to have an idea both of the prognostic perspectives of the different diseases and of the scale of priority of intervention on the various hematological alterations that can be present in patients even outside hematological structures.

After a general overview of the mechanisms that regulate normal and pathological hematopoiesis, the student will be introduced to the definition and pathophysiology of the main diseases affecting red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. A special attention will be paid to the most common forms of anemia and the most frequent hematological neoplasms. We will also provide the elements of pathophysiology of coagulation and hemorrhagic and thrombotic diseases. Priority will be given to the notions that serve for a differential diagnosis of level I and for a general framework of the hematological patient and the current prospects for cure or control of the disease. In this sense will be provided information on the main diagnostic methods used in hematology and will mention the most modern therapeutic strategies used in hematology, including the basics of transfusion medicine and bone marrow transplantation.
Clinical and Systemic Pathology - Blood Disorders and Medical Oncology
Students will have to describe the main mechanisms underlying cancer pathogenesis and will have to define the appropriate procedures required for the diagnosis and treatment of the most common forms of cancer. Description of the current staging techniques will also be required, as well as the ability to outline the mechanisms of action, the clinical usefulness and the main toxicities of both conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and novel anti-tumoral biological compounds. Critical emphasis will be dedicated to the clinical identification and the therapeutic management of oncologic emergencies.

Course Structure

Blood Diseases
1. Blood and bone marrow pathophysiology
2. Evaluation of blood count
3. Microcytic anemias and thalassemias
4. Macrocytic anemias
5. Hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias
6. Other Anemias, Cytopenias and Aplastic Anemia
7. Myelodysplastic syndromes
8. Leukocytosis, leukopenia
9. Acute Leukemias
10. Chronic myeloid leukemia
11. Chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms
12. Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
13. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and related lymphoproliferative disorders
14. Monoclonal Gammapathies and Multiple Myeloma
15. Pathophysiology of hemostasis
16. Platelet pathologies and hemorrhagic syndromes
17. Thrombosis, anticoagulant therapy
18. Blood transfusion medicine
19. Transplantation of autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells
Clinical and Systemic Pathology - Blood Disorders and Medical Oncology
Frontal Teaching and Interactive Discussion of Clinical Cases.

Detailed Course Content

Blood Diseases

Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the program planned and outlined in the syllabus.
Clinical and Systemic Pathology - Blood Disorders and Medical Oncology
Tumor Biology
- Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes, Stochastic Cancerogenesis and Cancer Stem Cells
- Angiogenesis, Tumor Heterogeneity and Metastasis
Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention

· Incidence, Prevalence and Mortality Rates in Oncology

· Risk Factors for the Most Common Tumors

· Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Prevention

Clinical Methodology in Oncology

· Tumor Signs and Symptoms

· Tumor Classification and Staging

· Evaluation of Therapeutic Response and Clinical Follow-up

Principles of Cancer Therapy

· Conventional Chemotherapeutic Drugs

· Routes of Drug Administration and Drug Dosage. Dose Intensity and Dose Density

· Neo-Adjuvant, Cytoreductive, Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy in the Metastatic setting

· Hormonal Therapy

· Targeted Therapies in Oncology and Modulators of the Immune Checkpoint Blockade

· Supportive and Palliative Cancer Care

· Major Side-Effects of Cancer Therapies

· Clinical Emergencies in Oncology

Treatment of the Most Common Forms of Cancer

· Cancer of the Lung and the Pleural Cavity

· Breast Cancer

· Colon and Rectal Cancer

· Prostate Cancer
- Fundamentals in the Treatment of: Head and Neck Cancer, Cancers of the Esophagus, the Stomach and the Duodenum, Pancreatic Cancer, Cancers of the Genito-Urinary Tract, Soft Tissue Sarcomas, Neuro-Endocrine Tumors, Melanoma

Textbook Information

Blood Diseases
- Manuale di Malattie del Sangue

di Bosi, De Stefano, Di Raimondo, La Nasa - Elsevier

- Ematologia per medicina, scienze biologiche, biotecnologie mediche

di N. Giuliani, A. Oliveri - Idelson-Gnocchi

- Manuale di ematologia

di Paolo Corradini, Robin Foà - Minerva Medica

- Hematology. Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

di Pier Luigi Zinzani, Sante Tura, Michele Cavo - Esculapio

- Ematologia di Mandelli - Piccin
Clinical and Systemic Pathology - Blood Disorders and Medical Oncology
1. R. Labianca, S. Cascinu - La Medicina Oncologica - 2013 - Edra
2. J. Niederhuber, J. Armitage, J. Doroshow, M. Kastan, J. Tepper - Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology - 6th Edition - 2019 - Elsevier
3. Collegio degli Oncologi Medici Italiani - Manuale di Oncologia Medica - 2018 - Edizioni Minerva Medica

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