The aim of the course is to allow the student to recognize the different hematological diseases, to have an idea both of the prognostic perspectives of the different diseases and of the scale of priority of intervention on the various hematological alterations that can be present in patients even outside hematological structures.
After a general overview of the mechanisms that regulate normal and pathological hematopoiesis, the student will be introduced to the definition and pathophysiology of the main diseases affecting red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Special attention will be paid to the most common forms of anemia and the most frequent hematological neoplasms. We will also provide the elements of pathophysiology of coagulation and hemorrhagic and thrombotic diseases. Priority will be given to the notions that serve for differential diagnosis of level I and for a general framework of the hematological patient and the current prospects for cure or control of the disease. In this sense will be provided information on the main diagnostic methods used in hematology and will mention the most modern therapeutic strategies used in hematology, including the basics of transfusion medicine and bone marrow transplantation.
The last part of the course will provide for the simulation and discussion of clinical cases for integrated differential diagnostics (with elements of radiology, molecular biology, immunology and cytogenetics) necessary for the rapid classification of emergencies in hematology.
Students will have to describe the main mechanisms underlying cancer pathogenesis and will have to define the appropriate procedures required for the diagnosis and treatment of the most common forms of cancer. Description of the current staging techniques will also be required, as well as the ability to outline the mechanisms of action, the clinical usefulness and the main toxicities of both conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and novel anti-tumoral biological compounds. Critical emphasis will be dedicated to the clinical identification and the therapeutic management of oncologic emergencies.
Lessons as reported on the academic calendar.
Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the program planned and outlined in the syllabus.
Learning assessment may also be carried out on-line, should the conditions require it.
Frontal Teaching and Interactive Discussion of Clinical Cases.
Tumor Biology
Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention
· Incidence, Prevalence and Mortality Rates in Oncology
· Risk Factors for the Most Common Tumors
· Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Prevention
Clinical Methodology in Oncology
· Tumor Signs and Symptoms
· Tumor Classification and Staging
· Evaluation of Therapeutic Response and Clinical Follow-up
Principles of Cancer Therapy
· Conventional Chemotherapeutic Drugs
· Routes of Drug Administration and Drug Dosage. Dose Intensity and Dose Density
· Neo-Adjuvant, Cytoreductive, Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy in the Metastatic setting
· Hormonal Therapy
· Targeted Therapies in Oncology and Modulators of the Immune Checkpoint Blockade
· Supportive and Palliative Cancer Care
· Major Side-Effects of Cancer Therapies
· Clinical Emergencies in Oncology
Treatment of the Most Common Forms of Cancer
· Cancer of the Lung and the Pleural Cavity
· Breast Cancer
· Colon and Rectal Cancer
· Prostate Cancer
Books:
Manuale di malattie del Sangue
di Bosi, De Stefano, Di Raimondo, La Nasa - Elsevier
Ematologia. Per medicina, scienze biologiche, biotecnologie mediche
di N. Giuliani, A. Olivieri - Idelson-Gnocchi
Manuale di ematologia
di Paolo Corradini, Robin Foà - Minerva Medica
Hematology. Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment
di Pier Luigi Zinzani, Sante Tura, Michele Cavo - Esculapio