ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA - channel 4

At the end of the course the student will have to know the main types of diagnostic cytopathology exams, be able to set up and color the cytological preparations, know the basic principles of reactive and neoplastic cellular pathology; it must also be able to apply the general concepts of cytopathology to the main types of cytological samples.

Biweekly.

Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.

Tissues biopsy

• needle biopsy

• endoscopic biopsy

• surgical biopsy

• operative specimen

  Management of surgical biopsy

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  gross examination

  Preparation of histological specimen

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  haematoxylin-eosin staining

• special stainings

  Intraoperative diagnosis

  Microscope observatio

  Histological diagnosis

  Cytology

  Cytological examination

• exfoliative cytology

• needle aspiration cytology

  Preparation of cyologic specimen

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  thin layer

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  diagnostic categories

  Molecular morphology

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  fluorescent in situ hybridization

   

  Anatomic Patholohy-cellular damage

  Cellular response to stress. Reversible and irreversible cellular damage. Apoptosis. Cellular response to ischemia. Molecular mechanisms of cellular death. Coagulative, colliquative, caseous, rubbery, haemorragic, fat and fibrinous necrosis.

   

  Anatomic Patholohy-the disorders of proliferation and cellular differentiation: hyperplasia, metaplasia and neoplasia

  Cellular cycle. Cell proliferation in histological sections. Hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Metaplasia. Neoplasia: benign and malignant. Preneoplastic lesions: dysplasia and in situ neoplasia. Morphological invasiveness and metastasis. Histological grading of malignancy. Stadiation (TNM). Tumor classification. Molecular basis of tumor.

   

  Anatomic Patholohy-flogosis and diseases of immune system.

  Acute and chronic flogosis. The organ specific autoimmune diseases (Sjogren syndrome, Goodpasture syndrome, Graves disease) and systemic (SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, sclerodermia)

   

  Diseases of lymphonodes

  Lymphoadenitis

  Hodgkin lymphoma

  Non Hodgkin lymphoma

   

  Cardiovascular diseases

  Main anatomical aspects of heart failure; ischemic heart disease: epidemiology and classification, evolution and complications. Myocarditis: epidemiology and classification. Cardiomyopathies: epidemiology and classification; evolution. Heart transplant. Valve pathology: epidemiologyl and classification of the main acquired valvular defects. Cardiac tumors. Pericarditis.
  
  
  Atherosclerosis: epidemiology and histological alterations: evolution of plaque. Arteriolosclerosis. Vasculitis: classification. Aneurysms: classification and evolution.

   

  Lung pathology

  Inflammatory pathology of the lung: epidemiology and anatomical classification. Lung tumors: metastases and primitive tumors: epidemiology and classifications; grading and staging of primitive tumors. Prognostic and predictive markers. Pleuritis. Primitive and metastatic tumors of the pleurae.

   

  Pediatric tumor

  Small round blue cell tumors: neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcomas, Ewing / pPNET sarcoma, Wilms' tumor, lymphoblastic lymphomas, Burkitt's lymphoma, small round cell desmoplastic tumor of the abdominal cavity.

   

1)Robbins - Cotran "Le basi patologiche delle malattia" 9a edizione Elsevier
2)Gallo - D’Amati Anatomia Patologica – La sistematica” UTET