Knowledge of the morphological and molecular features, nosological classification and differential diagnosis of the main diseases. Knowledge of early diagnosis, prognostic and predictive factors of neoplastic diseases.
At the end of the course the student will have to know the main types of diagnostic cytopathology exams, be able to set up and color the cytological preparations, know the basic principles of reactive and neoplastic cellular pathology; it must also be able to apply the general concepts of cytopathology to the main types of cytological samples.
Knowledge of the main immunohistochemical and biomolecular techniques.
Frontal teaching.
Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.
Biweekly.
Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.
Frontal teaching.
Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.
Cellular lesions: hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, invasive carcinoma.
Metastasis: cellular mechanisms and metastatic pathways (lymphatic, hematic, transperitoneal).
Classification and pathological basis of malignant tumors: carcinomas, leukemia / lymphomas, sarcomas, neuroendocrine tumors, melanomas, brain tumors.
Anatomopathological bases of the most common carcinomas: lung, breast, thyroid, gastric, colo-rectal, hepatic, renal, prostatic, bladder carcinoma.
Anatomopathological diagnostics: cytological examinations (exfoliative cytology, faaspirative cytology); biopsy (endoscopy, needle biopsy, incisional biopsy and excisional biopsy); extemporaneous examination at the freezer.
Staging of malignant neoplasms (TNM).
Diagnostic cytopathology: advantages and limitations
The different cytologic samples: needle and aspiration cytology
Technique of cytological preparations: smear, thin, cell-block, cytocentrifugation
Fixation and histochemical staining of cytological samples
Techniques of immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry and FISH in diagnostic cytology
Evaluation of cytological samples: criteria of adequacy
Evaluation of morphological characteristics of the cells: normal cells, hyperplastic, atypical cells
False negatives and false positives
Diagnostic Cytopathology of thyroid
Diagnostic Cytopathology of the lung
Diagnostic cytopathology of the female genital tract: PAP tests and breast cytology
Diagnostic Cytopathology of the urinary tract
Diagnostic Cytopathology of the effusions
Enzymatic histochemistry (special stains: eg Alcian-PAS, Giemsa, Rosso Congo, etc.)
immunohistochemistry: unmasking, detection systems, antigen-antibody reaction, primary and secondary antibodies
Main molecular biology techniques (FISH, CISH)
Ruco-Scarpa Anatomia Patologica – Le Basi UTET
Anatomia Patologica- Le basi- Luigi Ruco, Aldo Scarpa. Edizioni UTET
Ruco Scarpa- Anatomia Patologica- Le basi, UTET