MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA E ANATOMIA DELL'APPARATO VISIVO

5 CFU - 1° Semester

Teaching Staff

GIUSEPPE CHISARI - Module MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA - MED/07 - 3 CFU
ANTONIO LONGO - Module Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system - MED/30 - 2 CFU

Learning Objectives

MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
Microorganisms: infection of the host
Analyze the different "types" of viral or bacterial infection; differentiate a viral infection from that induced by other microorganisms and parasites. Locate the report that microorganisms and parasites cause human with the host, characterizing the phenomenon of "infection". Analyze the factors and mechanisms that determine the spread of microorganisms in infectious processes.

Biological essential features of microorganisms and parasites responsible for human infections
Identify the structures and functions necessary to perform the metabolic processes (adhesion) and to determine the replication and infection. Classify microorganisms and parasites in the various stages of aggregation of living matter. Analyze the phenomenon of variation and mutation of microorganisms with antibiotic resistance.

Infection
Chemotherapy
Define the principle of "selective toxicity" finalizing the therapeutic use of antimicrobials. Describe and classify the inhibitory mechanisms, the site of action, the antibiotic spectrum of action, as well as for antiviral and antifungal substances. Analyze the ways of penetration in the body, the spread differential in the infected, the presence of antigens in the various districts of the organism (blood, secretions, excretions) for the purpose of "contagion" and laboratory diagnosis. Identify the different laboratory methods that allow the identification of the causative agent of infection and those necessary deepening of the biology of microorganisms and human parasites.
Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system
to provide knoledge on the anatomy of the eye, of the ocular adnexa, of the orbit, of the extraocular muscles, and of the optic pathway

to provide knoledge on the gross anatomy and of the microscopic anatomy, also in relation with the function

to provide knowledge on the circulation, and on the motor, sensory and autonomic innervation of the eye and of the visual system

Course Structure

Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system
traditional lectures

Detailed Course Content

MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
1. The prokaryotic cell
  The organization of the bacterial cell
  1. Structure and function of the cell wall
  2. Cellular components
  3. Accessory components (capsule, flagella, pili)
  4. Biofilm
  5. The spore
2. Microorganisms and parasites: infection of the host
  1. Microorganism-host relationships.
  2. The microbial population normally resident in the human body.
  3. Essential characteristics and differences of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and other parasites known to infect humans.
  4. The pathogenic mechanisms of microorganisms.
  5. The various possibilities of infection and spread of infection.
  6. Infection control: key features of prevention and antimicrobial therapy
3. The pathogenesis of bacterial infection
  1. The phases of bacterial infection
  2. Pathogenicity and virulence
  3. Mechanisms of pathogenicity
  4. Bacterial toxins
  5. The host response to bacterial infection
4. Infection control
  1. Sterilization, disinfection and antisepsis
  2. The antimicrobial chemotherapy:
    1. Classification and main characteristic of principal groups of antibiotics
    2. Mechanism of action
    3. Susceptibility testing
5. The diagnostic principles of bacterial diseases
  1. Microscopic examination
  2. Direct diagnosis (culture methods)
6. Systematic Bacteriology (taxonomy, main characteristics, pathogenicity, infectious diseases, possibility of prevention, diagnosis and antibiotic chemotherapy): the streptococci; the staphylococci; the Enterobacteriaceae and anaerobic bacteria
7. The diagnostic principles of viral diseases
  1. Culture method
  2. Culture indendent and molecular methods
  3. Serological methods
8. The Fungi
  Characteristics of fungi and their metabolism
9. The hospital infections or nosocomial
10. Antibiotic resistance
Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system
Orbit

Eyelids

Lacrimal system

Conjunctiva, cornea, sclera

Anterior chamber, iris, pupil, posterior chamber

lens and zonula

ciliary body

vitreous

retina

choroid

optic nerve and optic pathway

extraocular muscles and their innervation

vessels and nerves of the eye and visual system

Textbook Information

MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
Most recent edition
- Principi di microbiologia medica - Antonelli G., Clementi M., Pozzi G., Rossolini G.M. - Casa Editrice Ambrosiana
- Microbiologia Medica - Murray P. R., Rosenthal K.S., Pfaller M. A. - Casa Editrice Elsevier.
- Principi di microbiologia medica - La Placa M. Edises
Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system
S. Miglior, T. Avitabile, S. Bonini, E. Campos, L. Mastropasqua: “Malattie dell’apparato visivo” - 2014, EdiSES s.r.l. Napoli.

Jack J: KANSKI: "Oftalmologia Clinica" - Elsevier Italia Srl, 2004 (edizione italiana a cura di R. Brancato, C. Azzolini)

Open in PDF format Versione in italiano