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MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA E ANATOMIA DELL'APPARATO VISIVO

Teaching Staff

ADRIANA GAROZZO - Module General and clinical microbiology - MED/07 - 3 CFU
ANTONIO LONGO - Module Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system - MED/30 - 2 CFU

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Learning Objectives

• General and clinical microbiology
  

  The student must learn the biological and pathogenic characteristics of microorganisms that play a role in human pathology, with reference to bacteria, viruses and fungi. He must acquire appropriate knowledge on the relationships between microorganisms and host in normal and pathological conditions, identify the transmission pathways, know the characteristics, the activity, the mechanism of action and resistance of the main antimicrobial drugs and vaccines. The student must also know the main methods for the cultivation and identification of microorganisms.

  The course also aims to illustrate the various methods of prevention of microbial infections and the main causes of infection related to specific professional activity.

• Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system
  

  to provide knoledge on the anatomy of the eye, of the ocular adnexa, of the orbit, of the extraocular muscles, and of the optic pathway

  to provide knoledge on the gross anatomy and of the microscopic anatomy, also in relation with the function

  to provide knowledge on the circulation, and on the motor, sensory and autonomic innervation of the eye and of the visual system

Course Structure

• General and clinical microbiology
  

  Traditional lectures, with the support of slides and educational videos of some theoretical-practical teaching topics (the films will be available on the Studium page). Students during one of the last lessons will have the opportunity to view some practical activities carried out in the laboratories of Microbiology.

• Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system
  

  traditional lectures

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Detailed Course Content

• General and clinical microbiology
  
  1. Essential characteristics and differences of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and other parasites known to infect humans.
  2. The pathogenic mechanisms of microorganisms, microorganism-host relationships, basic concepts in the immune response.
  3. The ocular microbiota.
  4. The various possibilities of infection and spread of infection.
  5. The organization of the bacterial cell: structure and function of the cellular components and bacterial metabolism
  6. Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis: role of bacteria in disease
  7. Characteristics of fungi
  8. Mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis
  9. Characteristics of virus and their replication
  10. Mechanisms of viral pathogenesis. Types of viral infection: acute and persistent infection
  11. Infection control:
      1. Sterilization, disinfection and antisepsis
      2. The antimicrobial chemotherapy:
         1. Classification and main characteristic of principal groups of antibiotics
         2. Mechanism of action
         3. The antibiotic resistance
         4. Susceptibility testing
      3. Vaccines
  12. General principles of laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases
  13. Main microorganisms responsible for ocular infections:

  a) bacteria: Staphylococci, Streptococci, Haemophili, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseriaceae;

  b) virus: Herpesviridae; Papillomaviridae, Adenoviridae, Enterovirus.

  c) Toxoplasma gondii

• Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system
  

  Orbit

  Eyelids

  Lacrimal system

  Conjunctiva, cornea, sclera

  Anterior chamber, iris, pupil, posterior chamber

  lens and zonula

  ciliary body

  vitreous

  retina

  choroid

  optic nerve and optic pathway

  extraocular muscles and their innervation

  vessels and nerves of the eye and visual system

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Textbook Information

• General and clinical microbiology
  

  1. Harvey R. H., Champe P.C., Fisher B. D., Le basi della Microbiologia, con approfondimenti clinici - Ed. Zanichelli
  2. Cevenini R.. Sambri V., Microbiologia e microbiologia clinica, Per i Corsi di Laurea in professioni sanitarie – Ed. Piccin

  All students can use didactic material downloadable from the Studium page at the following link: https://studium.unict.it/dokeos/2020/courses/16277/

• Anatomy of the eye and of the visual system
  

  S. Miglior, T. Avitabile, S. Bonini, E. Campos, L. Mastropasqua: “Malattie dell’apparato visivo” - 2014, EdiSES s.r.l. Napoli.

  Jack J: KANSKI: "Oftalmologia Clinica" - Elsevier Italia Srl, 2004 (edizione italiana a cura di R. Brancato, C. Azzolini)

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