The aim of general pathology course is to provide the basis for understanding the pathological mechanism involved in development of human diseases. During the course, the causes of diseases (etiology), the mechanism by which the etiological agents cause pathological condition (pathogenesis) will be discussed. Finally, will be elucidated the molecular and cellular mechanisms that allow the organism to counteract the effects of pathogens and other harmful agents.
The course aims to provide students with basic knowledge of human Physiology such as the functioning of the various organs and apparatus of the human body. At the end of the course, students will have to prove both to know the basic principles that regulate normal and integrate functions among different human organs, as to have a good proficiency of general and more specific scientific terms.
The teaching will be carried out through the provision of classroom teaching lessons.
Frontal teaching
General pathology: etiology and pathogenesis
Hereditary, environmental and infectious disorders
Immunology and immunopathology
Inflammation and wound healing
Fever and Hyperthermia
Cellular pathology
Oncology
Physiopathology of endocrine system
Physiopathology of cardiovascular disease
Physiopathology of respiratory system
Physiopathology of muscular system
Aging
Cell membranes Mechanisms of transport and ion channels
Nervous system General organizzation of the central, peripheral and vegetative nervous system. Properties of excitable membranes: potential of membrane and potential of action. Classification of nerve fibres.
Muscles Organization of skeletal muscles. Excitation-Contraction Coupling, single muscle twitch and tetanus. Muscle metabolism. Motor unit. Smooth muscle: generalities,
Synaptic transmission Neuromuscular and central synapses. Neurotransmtters.
Sensorial receptors. Proprioceptive and exteroceptive sensibility.
Spinal cord: mono- and polisynaptic reflex activity. Shock spinale
Function of brain stem, cerebellum, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex
Cardiovascular System Properties of cardiac muscle. Aspecific and specific myocardium. Mechanic and electrical cardiac cycles. Coronary circulation. Vascular system: caracteristics of blood and blood vessels. Physical factors affecting blood flow. Laminar and urbulent blood flow. Laplace's law applied to vessels. Capillary changes. Functions of veins. Control of heart rate and blood pressure.
Respiratory system Upper and lower airways. Mechanism of Breathing. Alveolar ventilation. Surfactant. Spirometry. Basic mechanism of gas exchanges among lungs, blood and tissues. Carriage of the respiratory gas in the blood.
Urinary system Kidney homeostatic functions; kidney mechanisms: glomerular filtration; tubular absorption and secretion. Renal regulation of water, electrolyte and pH balance.
Digestive system: Basic principles on motor,secretory and absorbent activities
ELEMENTI DI PATOLOGIA GENERALE & FISIOPATOLGIA GENERALE per i Corsi di Laurea in Professioni Sanitarie - GM Pontieri - IV edizione - PICCIN
PATOLOGIA GENERALE Patologia d’organo e molecolare - Rubin - VI Edizione - PICCIN
1) “FISIOLOGIA DELL’UOMO” a cura di F. Conti Casa Editrice Edi- Ermes
2) GANONG “FISIOLOGIA MEDICA” Casa Editrice Piccin
3) L.S. COSTANZO "FISIOLOGIA" Casa Editrice Edra
The student can choose any updated book on Human Physiology as long as in the examination he proves to have the knowledge required to pass the test